AN INSPECTION POINT
Body condition / vehicle interior condition / tools / engine compartment: Visual Inspection
・ Side slip / speedometer / braking force / headlight beam / exhaust gas emissions: Inspection using test equipment
　Duration: 20-30 minutes

Inspection for the Operational Requirements

Inspection of cooling system
No coolant leakage shall be observed from the radiator or rubber hoses. Where an air conditioning system is fitted, the refrigerant shall not be chlorofluorocarbons (CFCS).

Fuel system
・ The fuel system shall have no visible leakage.
・ The fuel tank shall not be deformed and shall be firmly mounted.

Transmission system
Clutch
・There shall be no anomalies in the engagement system of the clutch (for example, slip, incomplete disengagement, judder and unusual noise) and shall operate smoothly.
・ No oil leakage shall be permitted in the clutch system.
・ A clutch pedal shall be provided with a mechanism to prevent slipping.
・ For automatic transmission vehicles, the torque converter shall function properly.
・ Transmission
・ The transmission shall be capable of being turned to each shift position with ease in the idling state, and there shall be no excessive play in the shift lever in any shift position.
・ The gears or bearings in the transmission shall not produce unusual noise, and no oil leakage shall be permitted from oil seals.
・ For an automatic transmission car, the indicator reading shall be matched with the actual shift position, and its engine shall not be capable of being started in any position other than the (P) position and neutral (N) position.
・ Propeller shaft
・ No excessively loose fixing bolt or joint shall be present at the coupling portions in the propeller shaft.
・ The propeller shaft shall not produce run-out or excessive vibration during

Final drive system
・ The final drive system shall be free from excessive backlash, unusual noise, and oil leakage.

・Axle housing
・ No cracking, damage, deformation or oil leakage shall be permitted in the axle housing.

Suspension system
・ No cracking damage, setting, or misalignment shall be permitted in the spring and the clip band. Center bolt or U-bolt shall not be damaged, missing, or loose.
・ No excessive play, oil leakage, or gas leakage shall be present at the mounting portions of the shock absorber.
・ The torque rod, radius rod, and their brackets shall be free from deformation and damage such as cracking and mounting portions and coupling portions shall not be loose or damaged.
・No damaged or loosely mounted upper or lower arm shall be permitted and the arm and support arm shall be free from cracking, damage, and bends.

Inspection of axles, wheels, and tyres
・ Axles
・ The axles shall be free from cracking and damage, and the shaft shall be free from looseness and backlash
・ No nuts or bolts shall be loose or missing in a wheel
・ The wheel disks, rims and side rings shall be free from cracking and damage due to excessive corrosion or deformation, and the disk shall be free from excessive run-out.
・ Wheel bearing shall be free from excessive backlash and the drag from the brakes and the preload on bearings shall be correct.

Steering system
・ Steering wheel
・ The steering wheel shall be capable of being easily and reliably operated by a driver sitting in position, and the steering wheel shall be mounted without backlash, lightly operated and with proper play.
・ There shall be no backlash in the direction of the axis of the steering shaft.
・ The effort required to manipulate the steering wheel shall not be excessively different between the clockwise direction and anticlockwise
direction.
・ Steering gear box
・ The gearbox shall be mounted without looseness and be free from oil leakage.
・ The sector shaft shall be free from backlash.
・ Steering linkage
・ The steering linkage shall be free from deformation and damage such as cracking.
・ No loosely mounted parts, excessive backlash or defective split pin shall be present in any part of the rod arms.
・ There shall be no risk of the wheels coming into contact with the frame, fender, brake hose or any other part during steering.
・ Power steering
・ The power steering system shall be free from oil leakage and looseness in its body or connecting portions and shall operate and function properly.

Brake system
・ Brake pedal
・ The height, play, and full depression of the brake pedal shall be correct, and the clearance between it and the floorboard shall not be less ・ ・ than 25% of the overall stroke of the pedal. (For an air brake, the play of its pedal shall not exceed 20 mm).
・ The brake pedal shall be free from backlash in the axial direction, and shall not produce any unusual noise when depressed.
・ The brake pedal shall be provided with a mechanism to prevent slipping or a rubber pad.
・ The brake system shall be free from oil leakage and the ingress of air.
・ Parking brake
・ The parking brake shall be completely engaged when the brake lever is fully activated.
・ The pulling margin of the brake lever shall not be more than 70 % of its overall stroke.
・ The ratchet shall not be worn or damaged.
・ Brake rods and cables
・ Any visual damage shall not be allowed
・ Brake hose and piping
・ No damaged or loosely installed brake hoses or pipes shall be permitted and there shall be no oil leakage or air leakage from piping or joints.
・ There shall be no risk of a hose or pipe being brought into contact with any other part and no hose or pipe shall show signs of having been in contact with any other part.
・ Master cylinder and wheel cylinder
・ The master cylinder and wheel cylinder shall function properly and shall be free from oil leakage, and no bend or damage shall be present in 　the push rod.
・ Backing plate
・ The backing plate shall be free from deformation and distortion, and shall not be cracked especially in proximity to anchor pin installation areas.
・ Air brake
・ The hoses and pipes, release valve, and brake chamber shall be free from damage and air leakage. The brake chamber and rod shall be free from deformation, and no split pins shall be missing.
・ Braking servo unit
・ The servo unit shall function properly and there shall be no liquid or air leakage from the unit or pipe joints.

Tyres
・ The tyres shall be inspected visually in accordance to types and sizes while observing the following.
・ the tread pattern shall not be excessively worn or damaged. The sidewall shall be free from cracking and damage and tread shall not show signs of slipping; and
・ tyres shall be free from excessive worn out.

Front windshield and other window glass
・ Front windshield
・ The windshield shall be made of safety glass, and shall be free from any distortion or flaws that may limit visibility.
・ Other window glass
・ Other window glass shall not be broken, and the window glass shall be clear.

Lighting devices and reflectors
・ Colour of lighting
・ The light from headlamps shall be white and the colour of all headlamps shall be identical.
・ Brake lights
・ The light from brake lamps shall be red, and the brake lamps shall be automatically turned on when the main brake system is activated.
・ Number plate lights
・ The light from license plate lamps shall be white in colour and the licence plates lamps shall be so structured that they are not interlocked with the headlamps or position lamps.
・ Parking lights
・ The light from parking lamps shall be red in colour and the parking lamps shall be so structured that they are interlocked with the headlamps or auxiliary headlamps.
・ Reverse lights
・ The light from back-up lamps shall be white in colour.
・ Indicating device
・ Indicator lights lamps shall be installed at the front and rear of an automobile, and shall be positioned bilaterally and symmetrically in pairs, respectively. The light from the indicator lamps shall be orange, and the lights shall flash 60 through 120 times per minute.
・ Indicator lights
・ The light from position lamps shall be orange or light yellow and the colour of left and right position lamps shall be identical.
・ Reflectors
・ Reflectors used shall be in accordance with requirements specified in US 533.
・ Function and damage
・ Lighting devices and reflectors shall function normally and shall be free from damage and dirt.

Devices for ensuring vision
・Wipers
・ The windscreen shall be provided with wipers capable of cleaning the windscreen. The wipers shall function normally and its blades shall be free from damage.
・ Rear view mirror
・ The rear view mirror shall be firmly installed, and its surface shall be free from smudges, distortion and cracking.
・ The rear view mirror shall be so structured that its orientation can be easily adjusted and maintained.

Mileage meter and other instruments
・ The mileage meter and other instruments such as water temperature indicator, fuel gauge, and tachometer, shall function properly and be free from damage.
・ Warning system
・ Warning lights
・ Warning lights shall provide warning on the state of oil pressure, charging, parking brake and opening of doors, and the warning lights shall function favourably and be free from damage.
・ Hazard warning flashing lights
・ Hazard warning flashing lights shall be installed bilaterally and symmetrically and shall function properly. The hazard warning flashing lights shall be free from damage and shall be orange or light yellow.
・ Goods - carrying equipment
・ Goods-carrying equipment shall be capable of carrying goods safely and reliably.
・ Frame and vehicle body
・ Frame
・ The frame of an automobile shall be sufficiently rigid to withstand driving.
・ The frame shall be free from cracking, damage or deformation.
・ No loose rivets shall be permitted at the joints between a side member and a cross member and no cracking shall be observed in proximity to rivet holes.
・Vehicle body
・ The vehicle body shall be reliably secured on the frame, and shall not be loosened by vibration or impact.
・ The contour and any other shape of the vehicle body shall not contain any sharp projections, protruded rotating parts or any other elements that may interfere with the safe traffic of other vehicles or pedestrians
・ Any cracking, corrosion or distortion in parts such as pillars and the floorboard, which constitute the fundamentals or a vehicle body and sills, shall be remedied.
・ Vehicle dimensions
・ Overall length
・ A bus - train shall not exceed 20 m.
・ A single vehicle, excluding a semi trailer, including any drawbar or coupling, shall not exceed 12.5 m.
・ A trailer with one axle or axle unit (other than a semi trailer), the GVM of which does not exceed 12,000 kg, shall not
・ exceed 8 m, excluding the length of the drawbar or coupling;
・ An articulated motor vehicle or other combination of motor vehicles consisting of drawing vehicle and a semi trailer, including any draw bar ・ or coupling, shall not exceed 17 m.
・ A distance between the drawing vehicle and the trailer, shall not exceed 1.8 m, including any drawbar or coupling.
・ A trailer with one axle or axle unit (other than a semi trailer) the GVM of which exceeds 12,000 kg, shall not exceed 11.3 m, excluding the length of the drawbar or coupling.
・ A trailer not referred to in 6.12.1.3, 6.12.1.5 and 6.12.1.6 above (other than a semi trailer), the GVM of which exceeds 12,000 kg, shall not exceed 12.5 m excluding the length of any drawbar or coupling.
・ Any other combination of vehicles including any drawbar or coupling shall not exceed 22 m.
・ Overall overhang - Front overhang
・ Measure the distance between the front axle and the front of the bumper and observe the following:
・ semi - trailer shall not exceed 1.8 m; or
・ any vehicle (other than trailer or trailer with axle unit) shall not:
・ exceed 60 % of the base:
・ exceed 6.2 m less half of the wheel base, in the case of vehicle in which the front surface of the backrest of the drivers' seat and seat level is within 1.7 m of the front end of the vehicle, when such seat, if adjustable, is in the rear position; or
・ exceed 5.8 m less half the wheel base, in the case of any other vehicle.
・ Coupling device
・ The coupling device shall be rigid and so structured that it will provide secure coupling. The coupling device shall not be disconnected due 　to vibration or impact during driving and shall sufficiently withstand driving.
・ The coupler of the coupling device shall be installed without looseness and shall function favourably. The pitching shaft, rolling shaft, and 　bearings shall be free from wear and damage.
・ The kingpin of the coupling device for trailers shall be installed without looseness.
・ The pintle hook and lunette eye installed on trucks etc, shall be reliably operatable and free from damage.
・ Vehicle appearance
・ Any serious damage to an outer panel shall be remedied.
・ Window glass elevating devices shall be functional.
・ Any other damage that may interfere with the safe driving of the vehicle shall not be permitted.

Marking
・ Unless otherwise stated, the following information shall be made available:
・ certificate of roadworthiness attesting conformity to the requirements.
・ certificate of appraisal showing model, year of manufacture, engine capacity and mileage.
INSPECTION BY THE INSPECTION MACHINERY

Inspection for performance characteristics
・Inspection of steering wheel alignment
・ The alignment of the steered wheels shall be inspected with a side slip tester machine or any other suitable apparatus. The reading for skidding shall not exceed 5 mm inward or outward for 1 m of travel. Wheel alignment shall also be inspected visually in accordance with the following:
・ the camber shall not exceed the manufacturer's specified limits; or
・ in the case of a semi trailer, any axle shall not be out of square to the longitudinal centreline of the vehicle by more than 10.0 mm/m of 　length of trailer; and
・ the front wheels (in the straight-ahead position) and rear wheels shall be in the same vertical plane. When relevant, sidecar wheel shall be 　parallel to or shall not have slight "toe-in" towards the front wheel (in the straight-ahead position).
・ nspection of braking force

General
・The braking force of a vehicle under inspection shall be measured with one inspector therein as an occupant with no passenger or luggage, according to the requirements specified in Annex B and the results shall conform to 4.2.2 and 4.2.3.

Braking force of main brake system
・The total braking force of the main braking system shall not be less than 50 % of the axle weight of the vehicle, and the sum of braking 　forces on the rear wheels shall not be less than 50 % of the axle weight of the subject axle when unladen.
・ For the main braking system, the difference of braking forces applied to the right and left wheels shall be 8 % or less of the axle weight of the subject axle when unladen.

Braking force of parking brake system
・ The total sum of the braking force of the parking brake system shall not be less than 20 % of the weight of the vehicle as inspected.
・ Exhaust gas from automobile
・ Automobiles using gasoline or liquefied petroleum gas as fuel
・ The concentration of the exhaust gas from an automobile shall be measured when the engine is idling, and inserting the probe of a tester into the exhaust pipe to a depth of approximately 60 cm (if this is not feasible, measures to prevent the ingress of air from outside shall be taken before inserting the probe). The measurements shall not exceed the following reference values:
・ a) concentration of carbon monoxide - 4.5 %; and
・ b) concentration of hydrocarbon:
・ i) 4-cycle engine - 1 200 ppm;
・ ii) 2-cycle engine - 7 800 ppm; and
・ iii) special engine - 3 300 ppm
・ Automobiles using light oil (diesel) as fuel
・ The excessive black smoke or fumes emitted from the automobile shall not be allowed.
・ Smoke and soot emission
・ The following automobile components shall be securely installed and free from damage:
・ a) exhaust pipe, which, in addition, shall be free from excessive deformation;
・ b) catalytic muffler;.
・ c) blow by gas reducing device; and
・ d) emission control device for fuel evaporative gases.
・ Brightness of headlamps and orientation of main optical axis
・ General
・ The brightness of headlamps shall be measured either manually or using suitable apparatus with the light receiving portion of a tester squarely opposed to the headlamp according to the distance and method of measurement. The manual measurements shall be done in accordance with test methods specified in Annex D and shall agree with the reference values in 4.5.2 and 4.5.3.
・ Luminous intensity
・ Four-lamp type
・ For the main headlamp for driving, the intensity shall be 12 000 cd or above and with a sub headlamp added, the intensity shall be 15 000 cd or above.
・Other types
・ For the headlamps for driving, the intensity shall be 15 000 cd or above.
・Horn
・ With the engine of an automobile stopped, the loudness of its alarm unit (that is, the horn) shall meet the requirements below.
・ The sound of an alarm buzzer shall be continuous and of constant volume.
・ Speedometer
・ The speedometer shall be in good working order.